What does articulation refer to in music?

Articulation in music refers specifically to how notes are played or sung. This involves the style in which each note is expressed, including factors such as how smoothly or detached the notes are, how sharply they are defined, and any specific techniques used to create varying effects. Articulation can significantly impact the overall character and feel of a piece, influencing how clearly certain notes are heard in relation to others. For instance, staccato indicates that notes should be played short and detached, while legato suggests a smooth and connected approach. Understanding articulation is crucial for performers to convey the composer’s intentions effectively.

The other options focus on different aspects of music; speed pertains to tempo, volume relates to dynamics, and emotional expression involves interpretation and feelings conveyed in performance. Each of these elements is important in music but does not define articulation.