What does the term "intervals" refer to in music?

The term "intervals" in music refers specifically to the difference between two notes, which is measured by the distance in pitch between them. In musical theory, intervals are fundamental concepts that help define the relationship between notes in terms of their frequency and tonal attributes. Measuring intervals allows musicians to understand how notes interact, both melodically and harmonically.

Each interval has a unique name and characteristic, depending on the number of half steps or whole steps that separate the two notes. For example, the interval of a major third consists of four half steps, while a perfect fifth consists of seven half steps. Understanding intervals is crucial for constructing scales, chords, and melodies, as they are the building blocks of music.