What does the term "timber" refer to in music?

In music, the term "timbre" refers to the distinct quality or color of a sound that allows us to differentiate between different instruments or voices, even when they are playing the same pitch. This quality is influenced by various factors, including the instrument's construction, the method of sound production, and the unique harmonic overtones that each sound source generates.

For instance, the sound of a violin is different from that of a flute, even if they play the same note at the same volume. This uniqueness is what timbre encompasses, giving each instrument its signature character. Understanding timbre is essential for musicians and composers, as it helps them choose instruments and create textures in their music that evoke specific emotions or atmospheres.