What is a "Passing tone" in music?

A passing tone, also known as a passing note or passing tone, is defined as a non-chord tone that is approached by a step from one chord tone and resolved by a step to another chord tone in the same direction. This creates a smooth melodic transition, allowing for movement between tones within the scale.

In music composition, passing tones add melodic interest and variety, fulfilling a crucial role in elaborating a melody while maintaining harmonic coherence. By connecting two chord tones, passing tones serve as a bridge, enhancing the flow and continuity of a melodic line.

The focus on stepwise motion both in approaching and resolving the passing tone is fundamental to its definition, making it a distinctive element in melody construction. This clarity in defining the passing tone helps musicians and composers understand how to use it effectively in their works.